Public Service Commission
Internal Competitive Written Examination for Nepal Administrative Service, General Administration Group, Gazetted Second Class, Deputy Secretary or equivalent (Non-Technical) Posts
Date: 2079/10/07, Time: 3 hours, Full Marks: 100, Paper:- Second subject:- Service related.
Answers to the following questions should be written in separate answer sheets.
1. Various indicators have clearly shown that the government system of our country, which is multi-cultural, multi-ethnic, multi-religious and geographically diverse, has not been effective in service delivery even after 7 years of changing the political and administrative structure and forming a three-tier government with the expectation of increasing the effectiveness of services.
In this background, how can the functional relationship be made reliable between the sectoral policies of the federal, provincial and local governments in accordance with the spirit of the Constitution of Nepal? What should be done to make coordination and interrelationship result and action oriented? Submit creative suggestions. (15)
2. Providing quality services to citizens without discrimination is the main responsibility of the government. Citizens always expect quality and speedy services from the government. There seems to be a kind of competition in different countries on how to provide effective services to the citizens and how to run the government according to the people's expectations. At the same time, most of the countries have been innovating to improve service delivery. Various efforts have been made since the past to improve the delivery of public services in Nepal. In this regard, we have practices such as citizen's charter, integrated mobile service, determination of service standards, token system, performance agreement, incentive system based on indicators, system for listening to complaints, public hearing and hello government, public-private partnership and online service through the use of information technology. are However, many complaints are heard that effective, quality and speedy services are not provided as per the expectations of the citizens. We still have the saying "Citizens around service rather than service around citizens".
In the present context, take stock of the current state of services provided directly to the citizens by the Government of Nepal and discuss the fundamental problems in public service delivery. Also, what kind of policy, structural and practical reforms do you see in order to deliver effective, quality and fast services in the future? Present original suggestions. (20)
3. The constitution clearly provides that all three levels of government have the right to make policies, prepare budgets and programs, and implement them within their jurisdiction. According to this, the government of Nepal has to submit the budget (estimate of revenue and expenditure) by 15th of June, the state within 1st of Ashadh and the local level within 10th of Ashadh. Basically, the budget is built on the foundation of the annual plan. The state and local level plan to be edited by the state and federal level, the state plan to be edited by the federal level - identifying and demanding through the process of formulating their own plan and the process of study and inclusion from the union. It is becoming like an undertaking to introduce a consultation method that is adopted before the planning process of the state and local level has even started. Union, state and local governments continue to work in each other's jurisdiction. The trend of allocating budgets for small projects beyond the jurisdiction, making related budgets and programs based on power and access has not been stopped. As the practice of the federal level also guides the state and local government, the annual program and budget of the federal level cannot be in line with the federal scope, and its impact is also falling on other levels.
In the presented context, it is necessary to develop an understanding of the needs and sensitivities of the provincial and local levels while formulating the federal budget and programs within the scope of the federal system and the constitutional rights. Based on the experience of international practices for the jurisdiction of the three levels of government in the federal government system and the framework of development work, what kind of shortcomings do you find? Review and present a framework with practical and implementable suggestions. (20)
4. In September 2015, the United Nations General Assembly announced the Sustainable Development Goals with a commitment to leave no one behind in every dimension of world transformation and development from 2016 to 2030. In it, 17 goals of sustainable development, 169 quantitative goals and 232 global indicators have been determined. There are mainly 3 dimensions in the sustainable development goals, namely social, economic and environmental dimensions, which include ending poverty and hunger through participatory, rights-oriented and equitable development in all countries of the world, providing health and education to all, gender equality, clean water for all, access to energy for all, Topics like employment promotion, economic growth, industry, infrastructure development and sustainable urbanization are also covered. One of the biggest challenges for achieving sustainable development goals is raising investment.
Even if we analyze our past plans and the resources received for their implementation, the issue of raising resources for plan implementation is becoming complicated. However, the planning document has made it clear that investment should be made from the government, private, cooperative, non-government and household sectors.
The 15th plan is the basic document of the sustainable development goals and along with this, the framework and system of monitoring and evaluation has been developed and adopted to achieve the set goals from the operation of all policies, programs and projects and to timely improve the weaknesses that may be seen during implementation. This system will also solve the problems encountered in the implementation of sustainable development goals monitoring and evaluation. Likewise, the statistical system for regular reports has also been strengthened. It has also been instructed not to amend the budget and program for achieving sustainable development goals and not to transfer the budget funds elsewhere. Many efforts have also been made for the localization of sustainable development goals. The efforts of non-governmental organizations and the private sector are also commendable. However, since it is not possible to achieve the goal of sustainable development by a single effort of the government, how can a strategic partnership between the government, private, cooperative, community sector and development partners be established? What are the problems Nepal is facing in achieving sustainable development goals? Analyzing the situation of Nepal in the implementation of sustainable development goals, how can those goals be achieved by the year 2030? Present the strategic framework. (20)
5. With the aim of making the public administration agile, competent, transparent and accountable, Nepal has put into practice the new practice-management test of new public management adopted by various countries of the world in the Civil Service Act and Regulations. The main purpose of this system, which is an integral part of public management, is to supervise, monitor and evaluate whether the civil servants working in various agencies of the Government of Nepal have followed the prevailing laws and administrative rules and procedures or not, and give directions for improvement. After the implementation of this system, the Ministry of Federal Affairs and General Administration is responsible for conducting regular management audits and issuing instructions to correct errors and defects, and taking departmental action against responsible employees who do not follow the instructions. To make it systematic, management test guidelines have been issued and revised from time to time. Although it is recognized that positive results can be obtained in public administration through the use of management testing, management testing is not as important as it is given in the pages of laws and guidelines in its implementation and analysis of results.
The Management Audit Guide has also clearly defined its indicators and evaluation bases. If we start the practice of testing those indicators at the center and improving the public administration based on the results, there is no doubt that the service delivery will improve and the civil servants will be responsible and accountable. The annual reports of the Auditor General and the Commission for Investigation of Abuse of Authority are enough to see the state of disorganization and inconsistency in Nepal's public administration. Day by day, the practice of arbitrarily making decisions by flouting the transfer and employment provisions in the Civil Service Act is increasing day by day. No one seems to be paying attention to complying with the provisions of the Good Governance (Management and Operation) Act, 2064. Actions such as bringing matters before a higher authority or official without making a decision even within one's own jurisdiction, interfering in another's jurisdiction are found here and there. The study report on ways to make management testing effective in Nepal has also pointed out that the practice of discussing and interacting with the management testing reports of ministries and agencies within the organization and related stakeholders has not been established. Likewise, the study has shown that its record management and information management systems are also weak and there is no institutional memory system. The above-mentioned facts and analysis show that although the management test is adopted with high priority, its implementation aspect is very weak.
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